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Triamterene
medication Under reviewA potassium-sparing diuretic used to treat edema and hypertension by increasing urine flow while reducing potassium loss.
Research summary
Human research on triamterene focuses on its role as a potassium-sparing diuretic in combination with thiazide diuretics for blood pressure control and prevention of hypokalemia. Randomized and crossover trials in hypertensive outpatients show that combining triamterene with hydrochlorothiazide yields blood-pressure reduction comparable to full-dose hydrochlorothiazide alone, while significantly reducing or preventing thiazide-induced hypokalemia. More recent observational analyses in large cohorts suggest a modest additional reduction in systolic blood pressure when triamterene is added to hydrochlorothiazide, though effects on cardiovascular outcomes remain unknown. Pharmacokinetic studies in healthy subjects have demonstrated that food, particularly high-fat meals, can substantially increase the bioavailability of triamterene, which underlies the recommendation to take it with or after meals. Safety data from clinical use indicate that triamterene is generally well tolerated but can cause hyperkalemia and changes in renal function, especially in patients with underlying kidney disease or those on other medications affecting potassium balance. Overall, the evidence supports its use as a potassium-sparing adjunct to thiazide diuretics rather than as a standalone antihypertensive agent, and emphasizes careful monitoring of serum electrolytes and kidney function.
Reported Benefits
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Triamterene in the Treatment of Hypertension
Messerli FH, Bangalore S, Julius S
Triamterene with Hydrochlorothiazide in the Treatment of Hypertension
Cohen JD, Winer N, Fuller J
Safety and Tolerability of Triamterene in Hypertensive Patients Receiving Thiazide Diuretics
Neaton JD, Grimm RH, Prineas RJ
No reports yet
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Triamterene with Hydrochlorothiazide in the Treatment of Hypertension
Cohen JD, Winer N, Fuller J
Safety and Tolerability of Triamterene in Hypertensive Patients Receiving Thiazide Diuretics
Neaton JD, Grimm RH, Prineas RJ
Reported Side Effects
No reports yet
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Add Triamterene to your stack to report effects
Safety and Tolerability of Triamterene in Hypertensive Patients Receiving Thiazide Diuretics
Neaton JD, Grimm RH, Prineas RJ
Related health conditions
Research showing how this habit affects specific health conditions. Always consult healthcare professionals.
May Help With
Coronary artery disease or other cardiac conditions
Safety and Tolerability of Triamterene in Hypertensive Patients Receiving Thiazide Diuretics
Neaton JD, Grimm RH, Prineas RJ
Hypertension — elevated blood pressure requiring management
Triamterene in the Treatment of Hypertension
Messerli FH, Bangalore S, Julius S
Triamterene with Hydrochlorothiazide in the Treatment of Hypertension
Cohen JD, Winer N, Fuller J
May Worsen
Progressive loss of kidney function over time
Safety and Tolerability of Triamterene in Hypertensive Patients Receiving Thiazide Diuretics
Neaton JD, Grimm RH, Prineas RJ
Research (3 studies)
Triamterene in the Treatment of Hypertension
Messerli FH, Bangalore S, Julius S
Safety and Tolerability of Triamterene in Hypertensive Patients Receiving Thiazide Diuretics
Neaton JD, Grimm RH, Prineas RJ
Triamterene with Hydrochlorothiazide in the Treatment of Hypertension
Cohen JD, Winer N, Fuller J
Community updates
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